Consider the situation where a microprocessor gives an output of an 8-bit word. This is fed through an 8-bit digital-to-analog converter to a control valve. The control valve requires 6.0 V being fully open. If the fully open state is indicated by 11111111, the output to the valve for a change of 1-bit will be

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  1. 0.061 V 
  2. 0.042 V 
  3. 0.023 V 
  4. 0.014 V

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : 0.023 V 
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ST 1: UPSC ESE (IES) Civil - Building Materials
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Detailed Solution

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Calculation:

For an 8-bit digital to analog converter, there will be 28 combinations.

‘11111111’ is the 256th combination which is a fully open state.

Given the control valve requires 6.0 V to be fully open.

The full-scale output voltage of 6.0 V will be divided into 256 intervals.

The change in the output voltage by a change of 1 bit will be

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