Identify the type of layouts of distribution system shown in the given figure.

Explanation:

Water Distribution Systems

Dead-end or tree System:

• It is also called a tree system, it consists of one main supply line, from which originates (generally at right angles) a number of sub-main pipes; Each sub-main is then divided into several branch pipes, called laterals
• This type of distribution system is suitable for older towns that have developed in a haphazard manner, without properly planned roads e.g. old cities, irregularly grown cities, etc; It is economical and simple

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Gridiron or recirculation System:

• It is also known as an interlaced system or reticulation system, the mains, sub-mains, and branches are all connected with each other
• There is no dead-end in the system as looping is provided and is most suitable for well-planned cities.
• There is equal pressure in all pipes and multiple flow path.

Radial or zonal system:

• If a city or town is having a system of radial roads emerging from different centers, the pipeline can be best laid in a radial method by placing the distribution reservoir at these centers
• The water from the distribution reservoir is then supplied radially to distribution pipes and thus also known as zonal distribution

Ring or circular System:

• It is also called a circular system; In this system, a closed ring, either circular or rectangular, of the main pipes, is formed around the area to be served.
• The distribution area is divided into rectangular or circular blocks, and the main water pipes are laid on the periphery of the blocks
• This system is very suitable for towns and cities having well-planned roads.
• It is economical and the pressure at the ends are reasonably equal