Metal patterns are used for

A pattern is a replica of the object to be made by the casting process, with some modifications.

Wood patterns are relatively easy to make. Wood is not very dimensionally stable. Commonly used teak, white pine and mahogany wood.

Metal patterns are more expensive but are more dimensionally stable and more durable. Commonly used metals are CI, Brass, Aluminium, and white metal. For large-scale production of castings, the pattern should have a long life and high precision i.e. repeatability of the same casting quality. So for large-scale production metal patterns are used.

Hard plastics such as urethanes, and are often preferred with processes that use strong, organically bonded sands that tend to stick to other pattern materials.

In the full‐mold process, expanded polystyrene (EPS) is used.