One of them is the five principles of Merrill model  

The Merrill Model typically consists of five principles that form a framework for designing instruction.

Key Points The elements are:

• Activation: This phase involves engaging learners and activating their prior knowledge or experiences related to the topic. It aims to create interest and prepare learners for the upcoming instruction.
• Demonstration: This principle involves demonstrating the skills or knowledge that learners are expected to acquire. It provides a model or example for learners to observe and understand the desired outcome.
• Application: After the demonstration, learners are given opportunities to apply what they have learned. This phase focuses on active participation and hands-on practice to reinforce understanding and skill development.
• Integration: Integration involves connecting new knowledge or skills with learners' existing knowledge and experiences. It aims to help learners see the relevance of the new information and how it fits into the broader context.
• Performance: The final phase, Performance, assesses learners' mastery of the content. It involves evaluating their ability to apply the knowledge or skills in real-world situations.

Thus, Activation aligns with the first phase of the Merrill Model.