"Societies based on coercion for acquiring wealth are called "Militant Societies", who said this?

This question was previously asked in
RPSC Sr. Teacher Gr II Social Science - 3rd July 2019
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  1. Emile Durkheim
  2. Herbert Spencer
  3. Raymond Aron
  4. Vilfredo Pareto

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : Herbert Spencer
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RPSC Senior Grade II (Paper I): Full Test 1
100 Qs. 200 Marks 120 Mins

Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is Herbert SpencerKey Points

  •  British philosopher and sociologist, Herbert Spencer was a major figure in the intellectual life of the Victorian era.
  • He was best known for developing and applying evolutionary theory to philosophy, psychology and the study of society.
  • Spencer develops an elaborate description of the kinds of societies which are based upon the two different means of acquiring wealth, the “militant type” (based upon coercion) and the “industrial type” (based upon voluntary production and exchange). 
  • In militant societies class rule is based on servicing the needs of the military, the citizens are subordinate to the State, the non-combatant part of society is forced to supply the needs of the combatant part, political authority is centralized as in the military, and private associations if they are allowed to exist are strictly regulated. 
  • Since the military state cannot be dependent upon foreign trade, a policy of economic autonomy is followed. 
  • In other words, the individual is completely regimented and is owned by the State.

Therefore, the correct answer is - Herbert Spencer.

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