The five principles of Panchsheel are substantially a reiteration of:

The correct answer is The UN Charter.

Key Points

• The Panchsheel Agreement refers to five principles of peaceful coexistence.
• The five principles are mutual respect for territorial integrity and sovereignty, non-aggression, non-interference in each other’s internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence.
• The principles were first formally signed in 1954 between India and China as part of a trade agreement relating to Tibet.
• The Panchsheel principles have been substantially derived from the United Nations Charter, which also emphasizes peace, sovereignty, and mutual cooperation.

Additional Information

• The Charter of the League of Nations: The League of Nations was formed after World War I as an international organization for maintaining peace. However, it failed to prevent World War II, leading to its replacement by the United Nations. The League's charter did not specifically include principles like Panchsheel.
• The Treaty of Berlin: The Treaty of Berlin (1878) was a diplomatic agreement aimed at resolving territorial disputes in the Balkans after the Russo-Turkish War. It has no relation to the principles of peaceful coexistence.
• The Protocols of Zion: This is a controversial and debunked anti-Semitic text falsely claiming a Jewish plan for global domination. It is not related to international peace or coexistence principles.