What do the words bhandarvada and muamala have in common ?

The correct answer is - Both are words meaning crown land

Key Points

• Bhandarvada and Muamala are both terms used in historical land management systems in India.
• Bhandarvada refers to land that is directly owned and managed by the crown or the state.
• Muamala is another term used to describe crown land, which was under the direct control of the ruling authority.
• Both terms emphasize that these lands were not privately owned but belonged to the government or monarch.
• This categorization was essential in distinguishing crown lands from other types of land, such as private holdings or tax-assessed lands.

Additional Information

• Crown Land:
  • Crown land is land owned by the state or ruler, often used for administrative purposes or revenue generation.
  • In ancient India, crown lands were a significant part of the economy and were often exempt from taxation.
• Land Revenue Systems:
  • Land revenue systems in India historically included various methods for assessing and collecting taxes on agricultural land.
  • Terms like Bhandarvada and Muamala were used to categorize land ownership and management.
• Historical Context:
  • During medieval and Mughal periods, crown lands were often used to fund state activities and support the ruling class.
  • Management of crown lands was often overseen by appointed officials, ensuring proper utilization and revenue collection.