What type of farming is practised in hill regions by cutting slopes into steps?

The correct answer is Terrace farming.

Key Points

• Terrace farming is an agricultural method where sloped lands are cut into a series of steps or terraces to create flat surfaces for cultivation.
• This method is widely practised in hilly or mountainous regions to prevent soil erosion and water runoff.
• It allows farmers to maximize arable land in regions with steep gradients and helps in water conservation by reducing surface runoff.
• Terrace farming is commonly found in areas like the Himalayan region, Southeast Asia, and the Andes.
• It is particularly suited for crops such as rice, wheat, and maize, which require level surfaces and controlled water flow.

Additional Information

• Soil Erosion Prevention: Terrace farming reduces the speed of water flow on slopes, minimizing soil erosion and preserving fertile topsoil.
• Water Management: The terraces act as water catchment areas, enabling better water retention and distribution for crops.
• Challenges: The construction and maintenance of terraces can be labor-intensive and expensive.
• Regions Practicing Terrace Farming: Notable examples include the rice terraces of the Philippines (e.g., Banaue Rice Terraces) and the Andes Mountains in South America.
• Climate Adaptation: This technique is also a sustainable farming method that supports agriculture in challenging terrains and climates.