Which authority was established for the effective and expeditious disposal of cases relating to environment protection?

The correct answer is 'National Green Tribunal'

Key Points

• National Green Tribunal:
  • The National Green Tribunal (NGT) was established in 2010 under the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010.
  • It was set up as a specialized judicial body for the effective and expeditious disposal of cases related to environmental protection and conservation of forests and other natural resources.
  • The tribunal is empowered to handle matters relating to environmental protection, enforcement of legal rights relating to the environment, and the granting of relief and compensation for damages caused to persons and property.
  • NGT is known for its swift decision-making process, ensuring that environmental cases are resolved without unnecessary delays.
  • The tribunal has jurisdiction over all civil cases involving substantial environmental questions linked to the implementation of environmental laws.

Additional Information

• Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB):
  • The CPCB is a statutory organization under the Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change established in 1974 under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act.
  • Its primary role is to promote cleanliness of streams, wells, and air pollution control across India. However, it does not function as a judicial authority for environmental cases.
• State Pollution Control Board:
  • State Pollution Control Boards are regional bodies established under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, to ensure compliance with environmental norms at the state level.
  • They are responsible for monitoring pollution levels and enforcing pollution control measures but do not have judicial powers to resolve environmental disputes.
• Environmental Tribunal:
  • While the term 'Environmental Tribunal' might refer to judicial bodies dealing with environmental issues, India has specifically established the National Green Tribunal for this purpose.
  • The Environmental Tribunal is not a distinct entity in India, as the NGT fulfills this role comprehensively.