Which features adapt polar bears to live in extremely cold climate?

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JTET 2012 (Mathematics & Science) Official Paper-II
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  1. A white fur, fat below skin, keen sense of smell
  2. Thin skin, large eyes, a white fur
  3. Small eyes, strong claws, white large paws
  4. White body, paws for swimming, extra gills for respiration

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : A white fur, fat below skin, keen sense of smell
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The correct answer is option 1: A white fur, fat below skin, keen sense of smell.

Key Points

  • White fur helps polar bears blend into their snowy environment, providing camouflage from predators and prey.
  • Fat below the skin acts as insulation, keeping the polar bear warm in extremely cold temperatures.
  • Keen sense of smell allows polar bears to detect prey from long distances, even under thick layers of ice.
  • White fur also reflects sunlight, reducing heat absorption and helping to regulate body temperature.
  • These adaptations are crucial for survival in the harsh Arctic climate, where temperatures can drop well below freezing.

Additional Information

  • Polar bears also have large, wide paws that distribute their weight when walking on thin ice, preventing them from falling through.
  • Thick fur on their paws provides additional insulation and traction on ice.
  • Polar bears are excellent swimmers, with their front paws acting like paddles, allowing them to cover large distances in search of food.
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