Which of the following Microorganisms causes Hepatitis B disease?

Question

Question

This question was previously asked in

UP Police SI (दरोगा) Official PYP (Held On: 24 Nov 2021 Shift 1)

Answer 1

The correct answer is Virus.

Key Points

Hepatitis B is caused by the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), which primarily affects the liver.
HBV is a DNA virus and is part of the Hepadnaviridae family.
Hepatitis B spreads through contact with infected blood, bodily fluids, or from mother to child during childbirth.
It can cause both acute and chronic liver infections, potentially leading to liver cirrhosis or liver cancer if untreated.
Vaccination against Hepatitis B is highly effective and is part of the WHO-recommended immunization schedule.

Additional Information

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV):
- HBV is a small, enveloped DNA virus that replicates in liver cells.
- It has a unique replication cycle involving reverse transcription, similar to retroviruses.
Modes of Transmission:
- Unprotected sexual contact with an infected person.
- Sharing needles or syringes contaminated with infected blood.
- Use of non-sterilized medical or dental equipment.
Symptoms of Hepatitis B:
- Acute symptoms include jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, nausea, and dark urine.
- Chronic infections may remain asymptomatic for years but can result in severe liver damage over time.
Prevention and Treatment:
- The Hepatitis B vaccine offers over 95% protection against infection.
- Antiviral medications, such as tenofovir or entecavir, are used to manage chronic cases.
- Screening of blood and blood products prevents transmission through transfusions.