Which of the following religious revivalist organizations influenced Shahu Maharaj the most? 

  1. Arya Samaj 
  2. Satyashodhak Samaj 
  3. Brahmo Samaj
  4. Prarthana Samaj 

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : Arya Samaj 
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The Correct Answer is- Arya Samaj.
Key Points
  • Shahu Maharaj appreciated the work done by Arya Samaj.
  • He declared that "I am a member of Arya Samaj".
  • He had given Rajaram High School and Rajaram College to Arya Samaj for administrative purposes.
  • He had opened the Arya Samaj branch in Kolhapur in 1918.
  • He had also made a compulsion of teaching "Satyartha Prakash" in schools.
Additional Information 
Rajashri Shahu Maharaj-
  • He was born in 1874 in the Ghatge Maratha family, of Kagal village in Kolhapur.
  • He worked for the cause of the lower caste subjects in his state.
  • Primary education to all regardless of caste and creed was one of his most significant priorities.
  • Vedokta Controversy-When Brahmin priests of the royal family refused to perform the rites of non-Brahmins in accordance with the Vedic hymns, he took the daring step of removing the priests and appointing a young Maratha as the religious teacher of the non-Brahmins, with the title of Kshatra Jagadguru (the world teacher of the Kshatriyas).
  • The first Kshatra Jagadguru was Sadashiv Patil-Benadikar.
  • This was known as the Vedokta controversy.
  • He started Shahu Chhatrapati Weaving and Spinning Mill in 1906.
  • He established hostels for different ethnicities and religions, including Panchals, Devadnya, Nabhik, Shimpi, Dhor-Chambhar communities as well as for Muslims, Jains, and Christians.
  • Shahu made great efforts to abolish the concept of caste segregation and untouchability.
  • He introduced (perhaps the first known) reservation system in government jobs for untouchable castes.
  • In Nipani he established "Deccan Rayat Sanstha".
  • He legalized widow remarriage in 1917 and made efforts towards stopping child marriage.
  • He opened a branch of Satyashodhak Samaj in Kolhapur in 1920.
  • In 1920, Shahu introduced a law banning the devadasi Pratha, the practice of offering girls to God.
  • He was president of the 13th "All India Kurmi Kshatriya Conference" in Kanpur.
  • He has addressed the "Mangaon Conference of Untouchables" where he advised people to accept the leadership of B.R.Ambedkar.
  • He was president of "Arya Dharma Parishad" in Bhavnagar Gujrat in 1920.
  • The people who helped Shahu Maharaj were Keshavrao Thakare, Bhaskarrao Jadhav, Mukundrao Patil
  • Cambridge University gave him an "L.L.D Degree".
  • Bhai Madhavrao Bagal had said, "He was King but a Democratic King".
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