Which of the following types of orifice is classified based on the nature of discharge?

Classification of Orifices

Orifices can be classified based on various criteria, including the shape of the orifice, the edge type, and the nature of discharge. In the given question, the classification is based on the nature of discharge, which focuses on whether the flow is free or submerged.

Analyzing the Given Options

1. "Drowned orifice." (Correct Answer)

   • A drowned orifice, also known as a submerged orifice, occurs when the downstream water level is higher than the top of the orifice, causing the flow to be submerged. This classification is based on the nature of discharge.

   • In this case, the entire orifice is under water, and the discharge characteristics are influenced by the downstream water level.

2. "Sharp-edged orifice." (Incorrect Answer)

   • A sharp-edged orifice is classified based on the edge type, not the nature of discharge. It has a thin edge that creates a clear, well-defined jet.

3. "Circular orifice." (Incorrect Answer)

   • A circular orifice is classified based on its shape, not the nature of discharge. It refers to an orifice with a circular opening.

4. "Bell-mouthed orifice." (Incorrect Answer)

   • A bell-mouthed orifice is classified based on its shape, specifically its flared or bell-shaped opening, which reduces the contraction of the jet.