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Which one of the following statements is true?

  1. A scalar quantity is the one that is conserved in a process. 
  2. A scalar quantity is the one that can never take negative values.
  3. A scalar quantity is the one that does not vary from one point to another in space.
  4. A scalar quantity has the same value for observers with different orientations of the axes.

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : A scalar quantity has the same value for observers with different orientations of the axes.

Detailed Solution

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Concept:
Scalar Quantities: The physical quantities that can be described only with the magnitude are called as scalar quantities.
→Scalar quantities can be positive, negative, and zero. for example :
  • Work is a scalar quantity that is positive if the force and displacement are in the same direction.
  • Work is negative if both are in opposite directions.
  • Work is zero if no force is applied or even if the force is applied the displacement is zero or force and displacement are perpendicular to each other.
→Scalar quantities can vary from one point to another.
E.g. Temperature is a scalar quantity that varies with altitude.
→Scalar quantities are not conserved always i.e. Kinetic energy is not conserved under inelastic collision.
→It does not vary with different orientations of the axes because it is independent of the direction of observation for example mass is invariant for observers at different axes.
Hence, the correct option is (4)
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