Initiatives by Government MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Initiatives by Government - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Punjab National Bank

• On 22 December 2018, the state government launched the 'e-rupee card' of Punjab National Bank.
• The National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) is a pioneer organization in the field of retail payments in India. It is a body promoted by RBI and has presently ten core promoter banks (State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, Canara Bank, Bank of Baroda, Union bank of India, Bank of India, ICICI Bank, HDFC Bank, Citibank and HSBC). It has been incorporated as a Section 25 company under Companies Act and is aimed to operate for the benefit of all the member banks and their customers.
• RuPay, a new card payment scheme launched by the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), has been conceived to fulfill RBI’s vision to offer a domestic, open-loop, multilateral system which will allow all Indian banks and financial institutions in India to participate in electronic payments.
• “RuPay”, the word itself has a sense of nationality in it. “RuPay” is the coinage of two terms Rupee and Payment. The RuPay Visual Identity is a modern and dynamic unit. The orange and green arrows indicate a nation on the move and a service that matches its pace. The color blue stands for the feeling of tranquility which is the people must get while owning a card of the brand ‘RuPay’. The bold and unique typeface grants solidity to the whole unit and symbolizes a stable entity.

The correct answer is the Ministry of Rural Development.

• Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY), a flagship scheme of the Ministry of Rural Development.

​Key Points

• Indira awaas yojana was introduced during the Rajiv Gandhi government in June 1985.
• The Ministry of rural development is the ministry responsible for governing Indira awaas yojana.
• It was launched during the 7^th five-year plan in India.
• Initially, it is launched as a subscheme of the rural landless employment guarantee program.
• in 1989 it became a subscheme of Jawahar rozgar yojana.
• It is renamed Pradhan Mantri Gramin awaas yojana in 2016.
• The houses constructed under this scheme are allotted in the name of the woman or jointly between husband and wife.
• "AWAAS Soft" is software to assist in improved administration of this scheme.
  • AWAAS Soft was launched in July 2010.

Additional Information

• Shri Giriraj Singh is the current minister responsible for the ministry of rural development.
• Shri Bhupender Yadav​ is the Minister of State with an independent charge of the ministry of labour and employment.
• Shri Dharmendra Pradhan is the current minister responsible for the ministry of Education.
• Dr. Virendra Kumar​ is the current minister responsible for the ministry of social justice and empowerment.

The correct answer is 1951 – 1956

Key Points

•  First Plan (1951-1956):-
  • The First Five-year Plan was launched in 1951 which mainly focused on the development of the primary sector.
  • The First Five-Year Plan was based on the Harrod–Domar model with few modifications.
  • This then Prime Minister was Jawaharlal Nehru and Gulzarilal Nanda was the vice-president.
  • It mainly addressed the agrarian sector, including investment in large dams and irrigation.

Additional Information

• Five years plans and their duration are following:-

• Five-year plan	Duration
  1st Five year Plan	1951-1956
  2nd Five year Plan	1956-1961
  3rd Five year Plan	1961-1966
  4th Five year Plan	1969-1974
  5th Five year Plan	1974-1978
  6th Five year Plan	1980-1985
  7th Five year Plan	1985-1990
  8th Five year Plan	1992-1997
  9th Five year Plan	1997-2002
  10th Five year Plan	2002-2007
  11th Five year Plan	2007-2012
  12th Five year Plan	2012-2017

The correct answer is 1951 – 1956.

Key Points

• The First Five-Year Plan in India was implemented from 1951 to 1956, marking the beginning of planned economic development in the country.
• It was based on the Harrod-Domar model, which emphasized the importance of savings and investments to achieve economic growth.
• The primary focus of the First Five-Year Plan was on agriculture, irrigation, and energy to address the food shortage and develop rural infrastructure.
• The plan allocated around 44.6% of its total budget to agriculture and irrigation, recognizing the sector's critical role in India's economy.
• The First Five-Year Plan was successful, achieving a growth rate of 3.6% per annum, which exceeded its target of 2.1% per annum.

Additional Information

• Five-Year Plans in India:
  • India adopted the concept of Five-Year Plans from the Soviet Union to achieve planned economic development.
  • The Five-Year Plans were formulated by the Planning Commission, which was established in 1950.
  • Five-Year Plans aimed to allocate resources efficiently and set targets for economic growth and development.
• Harrod-Domar Model:
  • This economic model emphasizes the role of savings and investments in driving economic growth.
  • It suggests that the growth rate depends on the capital-output ratio and the savings rate of an economy.
• Planning Commission:
  • The Planning Commission was tasked with assessing resources, formulating plans, and overseeing their implementation.
  • It was replaced by the NITI Aayog in 2015 to reflect a more decentralized approach to planning.
• Achievements of the First Plan:
  • The plan laid the foundation for modern economic planning in India.
  • It successfully addressed food shortages through increased agricultural production and irrigation projects.
  • Key projects initiated during the plan included the Bhakra-Nangal Dam and Hirakud Dam.

The correct answer is 9th Five Year Plan.Key Points

• 9th Five Year Plan was implemented under the leadership of Shri. Atal Bihari Vajpayee.

• Duration: 1997 to 2002
• The main aim of this plan was "Development with Justice and Equality".
• The scheme was not successful in achieving its growth target rate of 7% and achieved only a 5.6% growth rate.
• In Madhya Pradesh, Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojna was implemented in 2000.

Additional Information

• ​The idea of five-year plans is simple, The Government of India prepares a document with all its income and expenditure for five years.
• The budget of the central government and all the state governments is divided into two parts: non-plan budget and plan budget.
• National Planning Committee was set up under the Chairmanship of Jawaharlal Nehru in 1938.
• The Planning Commission was constituted in India in 1950 as a non-constitutional and advisory corporation.

The correct answer is Russia.

Key Points

• The constitution of India has borrowed most of its provisions from the constitution of different countries in the world.
• According to Dr B R Ambedkar, the constitution of India has been framed after ransacking all the known constitutions of the world.
• The important provisions borrowed from Russia are:
  • Five-year plan.
  • Fundamental duties.

Additional Information

• The important provisions borrowed from Britain are:
  • Parliamentary form of government
  • Rule of Law.
  • Single Citizenship.
  • Office of Comptroller and Auditor General of India.
  • Bicameralism.
  • Writs.
• The important provisions borrowed from the United States are:
  • Fundamental rights.
  • Preamble.
  • Independence of judiciary.
  • Judicial review.
  • Impeachment.
  • Post of vice-president.
• The important provisions borrowed from Germany:
  • Suspension of Fundamental Rights during the emergency.

The correct answer is Second Five Year Plan.

Key Points

• Second Five-year plan (1956 to 1961)
  • The second plan was conceived in an atmosphere of economic stability.
  • It was felt agriculture could be accorded lower priority. 
  • Industries got more importance in the 2nd five-year plan. The focus was mainly on heavy industries. 
  • The Indian government boosted the manufacturing of industrial goods in the country.
  • This was done primarily to develop the public sector.
  • The Plan Focussed on rapid industrialization- heavy & basic industries.
  • Advocated huge imports through foreign loans.
  • Therefore, the Indian Government adopted a mixed economy during the second five-year plan. Hence, Option 2 is correct.
  • The Industrial Policy 1956 was based on the establishment of a socialistic pattern of society as the goal of economic policy.
  • Acute shortage of forex led to pruning of development targets, the price rise was also seen ( about 30%) vis a vis decline in the earlier Plan & the 2nd FYP was only moderately successful.

Important Points

• The 2nd year five-year plan functioned based on the Mahalanobis model. 
• The Mahalanobis model was propounded by the famous Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis in the year 1953.
• As many as five steel plants including the ones in Durgapur, Rourkela ,Bhilai were set up as per the 2nd five-year plan. 
• During the term of the 2nd five-year plan, Atomic Energy Commission came into being.
• The Commission was established in the year 1957. 
• During the same period, the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research was born.

Additional Information

• First Five Year Plan:
  • It was launched from 1951 to 1956, under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru. 
  • It was based on the Harrod-Domar model with a few modifications. 
  • Its main focus was on the agricultural development of the country.
  • This plan was successful and achieved a growth rate of 3.6% (more than its target of 2.1%). 
  • At the end of this plan, five IITs were set up in the country. 
• Third Five Year Plan:
  • It was made from 1961 to 1966.
  • It is also called ‘Gadgil Yojna’, after the Deputy Chairman of Planning Commission D.R. Gadgil.
  • The target of this plan was to make the economy independent.
  • The stress was laid on agriculture and the improvement in the production of wheat. 
  • India was engaged in two wars: (1) the Sino-India war of 1962 and (2) the Indo-Pakistani war of 1965. These wars exposed the weakness in our economy and shifted the focus to the defense industry, the Indian Army, and the stabilization of the price (India witnessed inflation). 
  • The plan was a flop due to wars and drought. The target growth was 5.6% while the achieved growth was 2.4%. 
• Fourth Five Year Plan:
  • Its duration was from 1969 to 1974, under the leadership of Indira Gandhi. 
  • The two main objectives of this plan i.e. growth with stability and progressive achievement of self-reliance.
  • Fourteen major Indian banks were nationalized.
  • Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 and the Bangladesh Liberation War took place. 
  • Implementation of Family Planning Programmes was amongst major targets of the Plan
  • It failed and could achieve a growth rate of 3.3% only against the target of 5.7%.

The correct answer is option 4 i.e 1950.

Key Points

• The Planning Commission was an institution which formulated Five-Year Plans in India.
  • Planning Commission set up in 1950.
  • Planning commission was established based on the recommendation of an advisory planning board under the chairmanship of KC Neogy.
  • Headquarters: Yojana Bhavan, New Delhi.
  • Planning commission is only an advisory body.
  • The concept of planning was based on the Russian model introduced by Joseph Stalin.
  • The Prime Minister is the chairman of the planning commission.
  • Jawaharlal Nehru was the first chairman of the planning commission.
  • Deputy chairman of the planning commission was appointed by the Union Cabinet.
  • Gulzarilal Nanda was the first deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission.
• Narendra Modi government dissolved the Planning Commission in 2014.
• The planning commission was replaced by the newly formed NITI Aayog in 2015.

The correct answer is 1956-61.

Key Points

• 1956-61 was the duration of the Second Five Year Plan.
• The Second Five Year Plan was based on Mahalanobis Model.
• ​Its main focus was on the industrial development of the country.
• P. C. Mahalanobis was a famous Indian statistician who founded the Indian Statistical Institute.
• The plan lagged behind the target growth rate of 4.5% and achieved a growth rate of 4.27%.

Additional Information

• The five-year plans were one of the central plans.
• The plans were formulated and were financed by the central government.
• These were launched in 1951, with the first five-year plans covering the years 1951-56.
• There were three breaks in five-year plans during 1966-69, 1978-80, and 1991-92.
• "Twelfth Five Year Plan" duration is from 2012 to 2017, and it was under the leadership of Manmohan Singh.
• It was the last five-year plan because Niti Aayog replaced it with the planning commission.
• Its main theme was “Faster, More Inclusive and Sustainable Growth”.
• Its growth rate target was 8%.​

​

The correct answer is Third five year plan.

Key Points

• The third Five Year Plan was launched from 1961-1966 under the leadership of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru.
  • The Deputy Chairman of the Planning commission at the time of the third five-year plan was D. R. Gadgil.
  • The plan was also known as the Gadgil Yojana.
  • The independent economy (establishment of a self-reliant and self-generating economy), agriculture, and improvement in the production of wheat were the major objectives of the plan.
  • The third Five Year Plan was affected due to drought and two wars (Sino-India war of 1962 and Indo-Pakistani war of 1965).

Additional Information

• The First five-year plan 
  • This plan was launched from 1951-1956 under the leadership of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru.
  • It was based on the Harrod-Domar model.
  • The targeted growth rate of the plan was 2.1%.
  • The plan was successful and achieved a growth rate of 3.6% which was more than its target.
  • The agricultural development of the country was the major objective of the plan.
  • At the end of this plan, five IITs were set up in the country.
• The second five-year plan
  • ​​​This plan is based on P.C Mahalanobis Model.
  • It was planned from 1 April 1956 to 31 March 1961.
  • It is popularly known as Mahalanobis Plan.
  • The second five-year plan accords high priority to industrialization, and especially to the development of basic and heavy industries.
  • This plan includes substantial investment in iron and steel, coal and Heavy engineering, Machine building, Heavy chemicals, and Cement Industries.​
• ​Fourth-Five year Plan:
  • ​The duration of this Plan is 1969-1974 under the leadership of Indira Gandhi.
  • The two main objectives of this Plan are growth with Stability and Progressive achievement with self-reliance.
  • During this Plan, 14 major Indian Banks were nationalized.
  • At this time, the Indo-Pak war of 1971 and the Bangladesh liberation war took Place.
  • The main emphasis was on the growth rate of agriculture to enable other sectors to move forward.
  • First, two years of the plan saw record production.
  • The last three years did not measure up due to poor monsoon.
  • Implementation of Family Planning Programmes was amongst the major targets of the Plan.

Important Points

The correct answer is agricultural sector.

Key Points

• The First Five Year Plan in India was active between 1951 and 1956.
• The plan was based on the Harrod-Domar model.
• This plan gave priority to the agricultural sector of the country.
• The First Five Year Plan was presented before the parliament by Jawaharlal Nehru.
• Gulzarilal Nanda was the first Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission of India.
• Economist K N Raj is known as the architect of this plan.
• It was quasi-successful for the government.
• The target growth rate of the First Five Year Plan was 2.1% annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth.

Additional Information

• The second Five Year Plan gave priority to the Industrial development of the country.

The correct answer is Fourth Five-year Plan - Family planning programme

Key Points

• Fourth Five-Year Plan (1969-1974)
  • The fourth Five Year Plan was the first plan launched by the Indira Gandhi government amid the pressure of drought, devaluation, and inflationary recession.
  • The country was fighting with population explosion, increased unemployment, poverty, and a shackling economy. In addition, the situation in East Pakistan (now independent Bangladesh) was becoming dire as the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 and the Bangladesh Liberation War took place.
  • Funds earmarked for industrial development had to be used for the war effort.
  • The result was that this plan period was also no better than the third five-year plan.
  • It gave emphasis on Family planning programs to control the population.​

Additional Information

The correct answer is Seventh Five Year Plan.

Key Points

• BLUE REVOLUTION
  • The Blue Revolution was first launched in India as the 'Nili Kranti Mission' during the 7th Five Year Plan (1985-1990).
  • Fish Farmers Development  Agency (FFDA) was sponsored by the central government.
  • The Intensive Marine Fisheries Program was subsequently launched during the 8th Five Year Plan (1992-97).
  • As a result, the fishing harbours were later established over time in Vishakhapatnam, Kochi, Tuticorin, Porbandar, and Port Blair.
  • The scheme was restructured by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare along with the Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying & Fisheries into 'Blue Revolution' by merging it with the other ongoing schemes.
  • The scheme was controlled by the National Fisheries Development Board (NFDB).
  • Following were the objectives of the Blue Revolution:
    • ​To triple the production in the marine sector by the year 2020.
    • Utilization of new technologies to transform the fisheries sector into a modern industry.
    • To double the income of fishers by improving the post-harvest activities like marketing through e-commerce, etc.
    • To promote the economically weaker sections of the society.
    • To encourage entrepreneurship development, private investment, and Public-Private Partnership (PPP) in the fisheries industry.

Additional Information

• Other important revolutions related to the agriculture sector are
  • Red Revolution - Meat and Poultry sector; 
  • Pink Revolution - Onion production, Pharmaceuticals, and Prawn production
  • White Revolution - Increasing Milk production
  • Yellow Revolution - Increasing Edible Oilseeds production
  • Green Revolution - Increasing Foodgrains production
  • Golden Revolution - Increasing Horticulture and Honey production
  • Golden Fibre Revolution - Increasing Jute Production

The correct option is 4 i.e., 7^th.

Key Points

• In the 7^th five-year plan Jawahar Rojgar Yojna was launched.
• Jawahar Rozgar Yojana was launched in 1989 by the Rajiv Gandhi government.
• It was implemented upon the merger of the National Rural Employment Programme (NREP) and Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme (RLEGP).
• The Seventh Five Year Plan (1985-1990) also laid impetus on the development of small-scale and food processing industries
• The Seventh Five Year Plan also encouraged 'Social Justice'.

All Five Year Plans:

The correct answer is Third Five-Year Plan.

Key Points

• First five-year plan was launched from 1951-1956 under the leadership of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru.
  • It was based on the Harrod-Domar model.
  • The targeted growth rate of the plan was 2.1%.
  • The plan was successful and achieved a growth rate of 3.6% which was more than its target.
  • The agricultural development of the country was the major objective of the plan.
  • At the end of this plan, five IITs were set up in the country.

Additional Information

• The third Five Year Plan was launched from 1961-1966 under the leadership of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru.
  • The Deputy Chairman of the Planning commission at the time of the third five-year plan was D. R. Gadgil.
  • The plan was also known as the Gadgil Yojana.
  • The independent economy, agriculture, and improvement in the production of wheat were the major objectives of the plan.
  • The third Five Year Plan was affected due to drought and two wars (Sino-India war of 1962 and Indo-Pakistani war of 1965).
• The fifth Five year Plan was launched from 1974-1978.
  • Eradication of poverty, employment, and justice was the major objective of the Fifth Five Year Plan.
  • The plan was successful and achieved a growth rate of 4.8%.
  • Indian National Highway system was introduced.
  • The newly elected Morarji Desai Government in 1978 terminated the plan.
• The seventh Five Year Plan was launched from 1985-1990 under the leadership of Rajiv Gandhi.
  • The private sector was given priority over the public sector for the first time.
  • The targeted growth rate of the plan was 5%.
  • The plan was successful and achieved a growth rate of 6.01%.
  • The establishment of a self-sufficient economy, opportunities for productive employment, up-gradation of technology, accelerating food grain production, raising productivity with a focus on food work and productivity were the major objectives of the Seventh Five Year Plan.