Properties of Matter MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Properties of Matter - Download Free PDF

The Correct answer is Glass.

Key Points

• Glass is commonly used for making transparent containers due to its unique optical and physical properties.
• It is made primarily from silica (sand), soda ash, and limestone, which undergo heating and cooling processes to form a solid, transparent material.
• Transparency: Glass allows light to pass through it, making it suitable for containers where visibility of the contents is important.
• Durability: Glass is resistant to wear and tear, scratches, and chemical reactions, making it ideal for long-term storage.
• Non-reactive nature: Glass does not chemically react with most substances, making it safe for storing food, beverages, and chemicals.
• Glass containers are often used in industries such as pharmaceuticals, food and beverages, laboratories, and home storage.
• Examples of glass containers include bottles, jars, vials, beakers, and flasks.
• Eco-friendly: Glass is recyclable and reusable, contributing to environmental sustainability.

Additional Information

• Wood
  • Wood is an opaque material and lacks transparency, making it unsuitable for transparent containers.
  • It is primarily used in applications such as furniture, construction, and decorative items.
  • Wood is valued for its strength, insulation properties, and aesthetic appeal.
• Metal
  • Metal is not transparent and is typically used for making strong, durable containers such as cans, drums, and tanks.
  • Common metals used include steel, aluminum, and tin.
  • Metal is known for its strength, malleability, and resistance to corrosion (if treated).
• Clay
  • Clay is opaque and typically used for making pottery, earthenware, and terracotta containers.
  • It is valued for its porosity and ability to maintain temperature.
  • Clay containers are often used for traditional storage purposes and are popular in regions with a rich cultural heritage.

The Correct answer is Sponge.

Key Points

• Sponge is a soft, porous material that is easily compressible.
• It consists of numerous small holes or pores that trap air or water, allowing it to be squished or compressed without damage.
• Sponges are commonly used in various applications such as cleaning, cushioning, and absorbing liquids.
• Due to its porous nature, a sponge can return to its original shape after being compressed, making it highly versatile.
• Sponges can be made from natural or synthetic materials, and they are widely used in household, industrial, and cosmetic products.
• Its lightweight and flexible properties make it ideal for tasks that require gentle handling.
• The soft and compressible texture of sponges helps in cleaning delicate surfaces without causing scratches or damage.

Additional Information

• Stone
  • Stone is a hard, rigid material that is not compressible under normal conditions.
  • It is commonly used in construction and as a durable material for building structures and monuments.
  • Examples include granite, marble, and limestone.
• Iron
  • Iron is a strong and hard metallic element that is not easily compressible.
  • It is widely used in the manufacturing of tools, machinery, and construction materials.
  • Iron is known for its durability and high tensile strength.
• Glass
  • Glass is a brittle and hard material that cannot be compressed.
  • It is used in a variety of applications such as windows, containers, and optical devices.
  • Glass is transparent and has unique properties like refractive index and resistance to chemicals.

The Correct answer is Sand.

Key Points

• Sand is an example of a substance that does not dissolve in water.
• This is because sand particles are made up of silicon dioxide, which is insoluble in water due to its chemical structure.
• The particles of sand are much larger in size compared to water molecules, which prevents them from forming a solution.
• Sand is a non-polar substance, while water is a polar solvent. This difference in polarity prevents sand from dissolving in water.
• Sand particles tend to settle at the bottom when mixed with water, forming a suspension.
• Sand is commonly found in natural environments such as beaches, deserts, and riverbanks, and is widely used in construction and glass-making industries.

Additional Information

• Sugar
  • Sugar is a polar compound, which makes it easily soluble in water, a polar solvent.
  • When sugar is mixed with water, its molecules interact with water molecules, breaking down into its constituent glucose and fructose molecules.
  • This process is called dissolution, where sugar forms a homogeneous solution with water.
• Salt
  • Salt (sodium chloride) dissolves readily in water due to its ionic nature.
  • In water, salt dissociates into its sodium (Na⁺) and chloride (Cl⁻) ions.
  • This property makes salt an essential solute in various applications, including cooking, preservation, and industrial processes.
• Lemon juice
  • Lemon juice is a mixture of water and citric acid, along with other compounds.
  • It dissolves completely in water, forming a clear solution due to its high solubility and polar nature.
  • Lemon juice is widely used in culinary and health applications due to its rich content of Vitamin C.

The Correct answer is Translucent.

Key Points

• A translucent material allows only some light to pass through it.
• Objects viewed through translucent materials appear blurry or are not clearly visible.
• Common examples of translucent materials include frosted glass, tracing paper, and some plastics.
• These materials scatter light in different directions, which prevents clear visibility of objects through them.
• This property makes translucent materials useful for applications where partial visibility or diffused light is required, such as in bathroom windows, lampshades, and decorative panels.

Additional Information

• Transparent
  • A transparent material allows most of the light to pass through it, making objects clearly visible.
  • Examples include clear glass, clean water, and some plastics.
  • Transparent materials are commonly used in windows, lenses, and drinking glasses.
• Opaque
  • An opaque material does not allow any light to pass through it.
  • Objects behind opaque materials cannot be seen at all.
  • Examples include wood, metal, and stone.
  • These materials are used where privacy or blocking of light is required, such as in walls and furniture.
• Lustrous
  • The term lustrous refers to the property of materials that have a shiny appearance due to reflecting light.
  • Examples of lustrous materials include metals like gold, silver, and polished surfaces.
  • This property makes such materials ideal for jewelry, mirrors, and decorative items.

The Correct answer is Metal.

Key Points

• Metal is the best material for making cooking utensils due to its thermal conductivity, which allows heat to spread evenly across the surface.
• Metals such as stainless steel, aluminum, and copper are commonly used for cooking utensils as they are durable and resistant to high temperatures.
• Cooking with metal utensils is safe and efficient because metals are generally non-reactive with food when coated or treated properly, preventing contamination or changes in flavor.
• Metal is capable of withstanding extreme temperatures, making it suitable for direct exposure to flames or ovens.
• Metal utensils also exhibit strength and longevity, ensuring they can endure heavy usage over time without deformation.
• The use of metals like cast iron provides additional benefits, such as retaining heat for a longer period, making them ideal for slow cooking.

Additional Information

• Plastic
  • Plastic is not suitable for cooking utensils because it has low heat resistance. It can melt or deform when exposed to high temperatures.
  • While plastics may be used for handles or lightweight kitchen tools, they are generally unsuitable for direct contact with heat.
• Paper
  • Paper is highly flammable and cannot withstand high temperatures, making it unsuitable for cooking utensils.
  • Paper products are typically used for packaging or serving food, not for cooking purposes.
• Cloth
  • Cloth is not suitable for cooking utensils as it cannot conduct heat and is prone to burning or soaking in liquids.
  • Cloth is often used in kitchens for cleaning or handling hot utensils, but not for direct cooking applications.

The Correct answer is Glass.

Key Points

• Glass is a material that is transparent, meaning it allows light to pass through it without significant scattering, enabling clear visibility of objects on the other side.
• Its transparency is due to its amorphous structure, which does not block or scatter light significantly.
• Glass is widely used in various applications such as windows, spectacles, mirrors, and laboratory equipment, where transparency is essential.
• It is made by heating a mixture of silica (sand), soda ash, and limestone to high temperatures, which results in its smooth and transparent properties.
• Glass can also be made in different forms like colored, frosted, or tempered glass, but the base material remains transparent.
• Besides being transparent, glass is also known for its chemical resistance, durability, and recyclability, making it an environmentally friendly material.

Additional Information

• Wood
  • Wood is an opaque material, meaning it does not allow light to pass through, and objects cannot be seen through it.
  • It is a natural material obtained from trees, widely used in construction, furniture, and paper production.
  • Wood is known for its strength, durability, and aesthetic appeal, but it lacks the transparency required for applications like windows or lenses.
• Metal
  • Metal is also opaque, meaning it does not let light pass through.
  • Metals like iron, aluminum, and copper are known for their strength, conductivity, and malleability.
  • They are primarily used in construction, machinery, electrical wiring, and transportation industries.
• Cardboard
  • Cardboard is a thick, opaque material made from paper pulp.
  • It is commonly used in packaging, storage, and craft applications due to its lightweight and recyclable nature.
  • Being opaque, it does not allow light to pass through and is not suitable for applications requiring transparency.

The correct answer is Solid particles are more closely packed than gas particles.

Key Points

• Solid particles are more closely packed than gas particles, leading to a fixed shape and volume for solids.
• In solids, the particles are in a fixed, orderly arrangement, resulting in a rigid structure.
• Gas particles are spread out and move freely, leading to no fixed shape or volume for gases.
• The close packing of solid particles results in higher density compared to gases.
• Solids have lower kinetic energy in their particles compared to gases, where particles move rapidly and randomly.

Additional Information

• States of Matter:
  • Matter exists primarily in three states: solid, liquid, and gas.
  • Each state is characterized by different arrangements and movements of its particles.
• Kinetic Theory of Gases:
  • This theory explains the behavior of gas particles, stating that they are in constant, random motion.
  • The temperature of a gas is a measure of the average kinetic energy of its particles.
• Density and Volume:
  • Density is the mass per unit volume of a substance.
  • Solids generally have higher density than gases due to closer particle packing.
• Intermolecular Forces:
  • These are forces that hold particles together in a solid or liquid.
  • In solids, intermolecular forces are strong, giving solids a definite shape and volume.
  • In gases, these forces are negligible, allowing particles to move independently.

The Correct answer is (i), (ii), and (iii) only.

Key Points

• Statement (i) "Matter has mass and occupies space" is correct. By definition, matter is anything that has mass and takes up space (has volume).
• Statement (ii) "Air is matter even though it is invisible" is also correct. Air, though invisible, is composed of gases like oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide, which have both mass and volume, making air a form of matter.
• Statement (iii) "Water is a form of matter" is true. Water exists in different states (solid, liquid, gas), but in all states, it has mass and volume, qualifying it as matter.
• Statement (iv) "A shadow has mass and volume" is incorrect. A shadow is the absence of light and is not a physical substance. It neither has mass nor occupies space, so it cannot be considered matter.
• The correct set of true statements includes (i), (ii), and (iii) only.

Additional Information

• Key Characteristics of Matter:
  • Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. Examples include solids, liquids, and gases like rocks, water, and air.
  • Even though gases like air are invisible, they exert pressure and have measurable properties like density, proving they are matter.
  • Common forms of matter include solids, liquids, and gases. All these forms have mass and occupy space.
• Why Shadows Are Not Matter:
  • A shadow is merely a dark region formed when an object blocks a light source.
  • It is an absence of light, not a physical entity, and therefore does not possess mass or volume.

The Correct answer is Glass.

Key Points

• Glass is commonly used for making transparent containers due to its unique optical and physical properties.
• It is made primarily from silica (sand), soda ash, and limestone, which undergo heating and cooling processes to form a solid, transparent material.
• Transparency: Glass allows light to pass through it, making it suitable for containers where visibility of the contents is important.
• Durability: Glass is resistant to wear and tear, scratches, and chemical reactions, making it ideal for long-term storage.
• Non-reactive nature: Glass does not chemically react with most substances, making it safe for storing food, beverages, and chemicals.
• Glass containers are often used in industries such as pharmaceuticals, food and beverages, laboratories, and home storage.
• Examples of glass containers include bottles, jars, vials, beakers, and flasks.
• Eco-friendly: Glass is recyclable and reusable, contributing to environmental sustainability.

Additional Information

• Wood
  • Wood is an opaque material and lacks transparency, making it unsuitable for transparent containers.
  • It is primarily used in applications such as furniture, construction, and decorative items.
  • Wood is valued for its strength, insulation properties, and aesthetic appeal.
• Metal
  • Metal is not transparent and is typically used for making strong, durable containers such as cans, drums, and tanks.
  • Common metals used include steel, aluminum, and tin.
  • Metal is known for its strength, malleability, and resistance to corrosion (if treated).
• Clay
  • Clay is opaque and typically used for making pottery, earthenware, and terracotta containers.
  • It is valued for its porosity and ability to maintain temperature.
  • Clay containers are often used for traditional storage purposes and are popular in regions with a rich cultural heritage.

The Correct answer is Sponge.

Key Points

• Sponge is a soft, porous material that is easily compressible.
• It consists of numerous small holes or pores that trap air or water, allowing it to be squished or compressed without damage.
• Sponges are commonly used in various applications such as cleaning, cushioning, and absorbing liquids.
• Due to its porous nature, a sponge can return to its original shape after being compressed, making it highly versatile.
• Sponges can be made from natural or synthetic materials, and they are widely used in household, industrial, and cosmetic products.
• Its lightweight and flexible properties make it ideal for tasks that require gentle handling.
• The soft and compressible texture of sponges helps in cleaning delicate surfaces without causing scratches or damage.

Additional Information

• Stone
  • Stone is a hard, rigid material that is not compressible under normal conditions.
  • It is commonly used in construction and as a durable material for building structures and monuments.
  • Examples include granite, marble, and limestone.
• Iron
  • Iron is a strong and hard metallic element that is not easily compressible.
  • It is widely used in the manufacturing of tools, machinery, and construction materials.
  • Iron is known for its durability and high tensile strength.
• Glass
  • Glass is a brittle and hard material that cannot be compressed.
  • It is used in a variety of applications such as windows, containers, and optical devices.
  • Glass is transparent and has unique properties like refractive index and resistance to chemicals.

The Correct answer is Sand.

Key Points

• Sand is an example of a substance that does not dissolve in water.
• This is because sand particles are made up of silicon dioxide, which is insoluble in water due to its chemical structure.
• The particles of sand are much larger in size compared to water molecules, which prevents them from forming a solution.
• Sand is a non-polar substance, while water is a polar solvent. This difference in polarity prevents sand from dissolving in water.
• Sand particles tend to settle at the bottom when mixed with water, forming a suspension.
• Sand is commonly found in natural environments such as beaches, deserts, and riverbanks, and is widely used in construction and glass-making industries.

Additional Information

• Sugar
  • Sugar is a polar compound, which makes it easily soluble in water, a polar solvent.
  • When sugar is mixed with water, its molecules interact with water molecules, breaking down into its constituent glucose and fructose molecules.
  • This process is called dissolution, where sugar forms a homogeneous solution with water.
• Salt
  • Salt (sodium chloride) dissolves readily in water due to its ionic nature.
  • In water, salt dissociates into its sodium (Na⁺) and chloride (Cl⁻) ions.
  • This property makes salt an essential solute in various applications, including cooking, preservation, and industrial processes.
• Lemon juice
  • Lemon juice is a mixture of water and citric acid, along with other compounds.
  • It dissolves completely in water, forming a clear solution due to its high solubility and polar nature.
  • Lemon juice is widely used in culinary and health applications due to its rich content of Vitamin C.

The Correct answer is Translucent.

Key Points

• A translucent material allows only some light to pass through it.
• Objects viewed through translucent materials appear blurry or are not clearly visible.
• Common examples of translucent materials include frosted glass, tracing paper, and some plastics.
• These materials scatter light in different directions, which prevents clear visibility of objects through them.
• This property makes translucent materials useful for applications where partial visibility or diffused light is required, such as in bathroom windows, lampshades, and decorative panels.

Additional Information

• Transparent
  • A transparent material allows most of the light to pass through it, making objects clearly visible.
  • Examples include clear glass, clean water, and some plastics.
  • Transparent materials are commonly used in windows, lenses, and drinking glasses.
• Opaque
  • An opaque material does not allow any light to pass through it.
  • Objects behind opaque materials cannot be seen at all.
  • Examples include wood, metal, and stone.
  • These materials are used where privacy or blocking of light is required, such as in walls and furniture.
• Lustrous
  • The term lustrous refers to the property of materials that have a shiny appearance due to reflecting light.
  • Examples of lustrous materials include metals like gold, silver, and polished surfaces.
  • This property makes such materials ideal for jewelry, mirrors, and decorative items.

The Correct answer is Metal.

Key Points

• Metal is the best material for making cooking utensils due to its thermal conductivity, which allows heat to spread evenly across the surface.
• Metals such as stainless steel, aluminum, and copper are commonly used for cooking utensils as they are durable and resistant to high temperatures.
• Cooking with metal utensils is safe and efficient because metals are generally non-reactive with food when coated or treated properly, preventing contamination or changes in flavor.
• Metal is capable of withstanding extreme temperatures, making it suitable for direct exposure to flames or ovens.
• Metal utensils also exhibit strength and longevity, ensuring they can endure heavy usage over time without deformation.
• The use of metals like cast iron provides additional benefits, such as retaining heat for a longer period, making them ideal for slow cooking.

Additional Information

• Plastic
  • Plastic is not suitable for cooking utensils because it has low heat resistance. It can melt or deform when exposed to high temperatures.
  • While plastics may be used for handles or lightweight kitchen tools, they are generally unsuitable for direct contact with heat.
• Paper
  • Paper is highly flammable and cannot withstand high temperatures, making it unsuitable for cooking utensils.
  • Paper products are typically used for packaging or serving food, not for cooking purposes.
• Cloth
  • Cloth is not suitable for cooking utensils as it cannot conduct heat and is prone to burning or soaking in liquids.
  • Cloth is often used in kitchens for cleaning or handling hot utensils, but not for direct cooking applications.

The Correct answer is Aluminium.

Key Points

• Aluminium is a metal known for its lustrous surface which reflects light efficiently.
• It is a lightweight, silvery-white metal that exhibits a shiny appearance when polished or freshly cut.
• The lustrous property of aluminium is due to its ability to form a thin oxide layer, which protects the surface and maintains its shiny appearance.
• Aluminium is widely used in applications such as aerospace, packaging (like aluminium foil), construction, and automotive industries, where its reflective and aesthetic properties are beneficial.
• It is also an excellent conductor of heat and electricity, making it useful in electrical appliances and cookware.
• Its non-toxic and corrosion-resistant properties make it ideal for food and beverage packaging.
• The lustrous nature of aluminium plays a significant role in its use in decorative items and reflective surfaces, such as mirrors and lighting fixtures.

Additional Information

• Rubber
  • Rubber is a non-metallic material with a non-lustrous surface. It is soft, elastic, and primarily used in applications such as tires, footwear, and industrial products.
  • Rubber does not reflect light efficiently, making it appear dull rather than shiny.
• Plastic
  • Plastic is a synthetic or semi-synthetic material that is generally non-lustrous, though some plastics can have a glossy finish when treated or polished.
  • It is widely used in packaging, construction, electronics, and consumer goods.
• Wood
  • Wood is a natural material that has a non-lustrous surface. Polished wood may appear shiny, but its natural state lacks luster.
  • It is commonly used in furniture, construction, and paper production.

The Correct answer is Hardness.

Key Points

• Hardness is a property of materials that measures their resistance to deformation, scratching, or indentation.
• It is often tested using the Mohs scale of mineral hardness, which ranks materials on a scale from 1 (softest) to 10 (hardest).
• Materials with higher hardness values require more force to scratch, as they are more resistant to wear and abrasion.
• Examples of hard materials include diamond (ranked 10), which is the hardest naturally occurring material, and materials like quartz and corundum.
• Hardness is crucial in industries such as construction, manufacturing, and engineering, where wear resistance and durability are essential.
• The property of hardness is used in designing cutting tools, abrasives, and surfaces that need to withstand mechanical stress.
• Testing methods to measure hardness include the Brinell, Rockwell, and Vickers tests, each suited for different types of materials.

Additional Information

• Solubility
  • Solubility refers to a material's ability to dissolve in a solvent, such as water.
  • This property is crucial in applications like chemical reactions, pharmaceuticals, and food processing.
  • Solubility does not determine the resistance of a material to scratches.
• Volume
  • Volume is the amount of three-dimensional space that a material occupies.
  • It is measured in units like cubic meters (m³) or liters (L).
  • Volume is not related to the force needed to scratch a material.
• Lustre
  • Lustre describes the way light reflects off the surface of a material, giving it a shiny or dull appearance.
  • It is a visual property and does not influence a material’s resistance to scratches.
  • Examples of materials with high lustre include metals like gold and silver.