Palas and Senas of Bengal MCQ Quiz in मल्याळम - Objective Question with Answer for Palas and Senas of Bengal - സൗജന്യ PDF ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യുക

The correct answer is Buddhism.

Key Points

• The Pala kings were great patrons of Buddhism and built many viharas and monasteries. They also helped in the revival of Buddhism in India and its spread to Tibet and Southeast Asia.

Additional Information 

• Famous Sculpture, the art of Pala dynasty: 
  • Pala art: named the same as the dynasty that ruled the region from the 8th to the 12th century.
  • Pala style was transmitted by means of palm-leaf paintings & bronze sculptures.
  • It celebrating the Buddha and other divinities. 
• The following table shows the list of Pala rulers with the respective periods of reign & features. 

  Pala Dynasty
  Name of Ruler	Period of reign	Characteristics
  Gopala	765-769 A.D	He was the founder of the Pala Dynasty and also restored order. He ruled over Eastern & Northern India. He expanded the Pala dynasty with his power over Magadha.
  Dharmapala	769-815 A.D	He brought Kanauj, Bihar, Bengal, under his control. After defeating the Pratiharas, he became the master of Northern India. He founded the Vikramasila University, several monasteries also restored the Nalanda University. He was a steadfast Buddhist.
  Devapala	815-855 A.D	He was the son of Dharmapala who succeeded by his father. He kept the Pala territories intact & captured Orissa & Assam.
  Mahipala	998-1038 A.D	The Palas became powerful during his time. After his death, the Pala dynasty declined.
  Govinda Pala	After 1038 A.D	He was the last Pala King.

The correct answer is - ONLY A

Key Points

• Gopala → Dharmapala → Devapala → Mahipala
  • Gopala was the founder of the Pala dynasty and ruled from the mid-8th century.
  • Dharmapala, the son of Gopala, succeeded him and expanded the Pala Empire significantly.
  • Devapala, the son of Dharmapala, continued to consolidate and expand the empire.
  • Mahipala, one of the later rulers, is noted for restoring the Pala dynasty's power after a period of decline.

Additional Information

• Gopala
  • He was the founder of the Pala dynasty and established control over Bengal.
  • He came to power around 750 CE by democratic election among regional chieftains.
• Dharmapala
  • He reigned from approximately 770 to 810 CE and expanded the empire into northern India.
  • He is known for his patronage of the Nalanda University.
• Devapala
  • He ruled from around 810 to 850 CE and is considered one of the greatest Pala rulers.
  • Devapala extended the empire's influence over parts of the Indian subcontinent.
• Mahipala
  • He reigned from around 988 to 1038 CE and is known for reviving the Pala dynasty's fortunes.
  • His reign marked the resurgence of the Pala dynasty in eastern India.

The correct answer is 'Both Assertion and Reason are true'

Key Points

• Dharmapala's reign and Pala power expansion:
  • Dharmapala was the second ruler of the Pala Dynasty in Bengal, succeeding his father Gopala.
  • Under Dharmapala's leadership, the Pala Dynasty expanded significantly, extending its influence throughout northern India.
  • His reign is marked by military conquests and the establishment of Pala authority in various regions, including Bihar, Bengal, and parts of the present-day Uttar Pradesh and Odisha.
• Military campaigns and Kanauj:
  • Dharmapala's military campaigns played a crucial role in securing control over key regions, particularly Kanauj.
  • Kanauj was a significant city strategically and politically during that period, and controlling it meant having a stronghold in northern India.
  • Dharmapala's efforts in conquering and maintaining control over Kanauj helped solidify the Pala Dynasty's power and influence in the region.

Additional Information

• Other Options Explained:
  • Assertion is true, Reason is false: This option is incorrect because both the assertion about Dharmapala's reign and the reason concerning his military campaigns and control over Kanauj are true.
  • Assertion is false, Reason is true: This option is incorrect as the assertion is true; Dharmapala's reign did mark the expansion of Pala power, and the reason is also accurate.
  • Both Assertion and Reason are false: This option is incorrect because both the assertion and the reason are factual and supported by historical evidence.
• Pala Dynasty's Significance:
  • The Pala Dynasty played a crucial role in the political, cultural, and religious landscape of medieval India.
  • They were known for their patronage of Buddhism and the establishment of several important Buddhist monasteries and universities, including the famous Vikramashila and Nalanda.

The correct answer is - Devapala

Key Points

• Devapala
  • Devapala was a notable ruler of the Pala Dynasty in the 9th century CE.
  • He is known for his contributions to the expansion and consolidation of the Pala Empire.
  • Devapala granted five villages to the Nalanda monastery at the request of Balaputradeva of Sumatra.
  • This grant signifies the international recognition and influence of Nalanda as a major center of learning during that period.

Additional Information

• Mahipala
  • Mahipala was another significant ruler of the Pala Dynasty, but he ruled later, around the 10th-11th centuries CE.
  • He is known for reviving the Pala Empire after a period of decline.
  • Mahipala's reign was marked by efforts to strengthen the administration and military of the empire.
• Dharmapala
  • Dharmapala, the predecessor of Devapala, was a prominent Pala king who reigned in the late 8th to early 9th centuries CE.
  • He played a crucial role in promoting Buddhism and enhancing the cultural and intellectual life of the Pala Empire.
  • Dharmapala is credited with founding the Vikramashila monastery, another significant center of Buddhist learning.
• Mahendrapala
  • Mahendrapala was a ruler of the Gurjara-Pratihara Dynasty, not the Pala Dynasty.
  • His reign is noted for the extension of the Pratihara influence in northern India.
  • Mahendrapala contributed to the cultural and architectural developments during his time.

• The Pala dynasty ruled eastern India from Pataliputra between the 9th and the early 12th centuries.
• The capital of the Pala dynasty was Muddagiri, Present-day Munger in Bihar.
• The founder of the Pala dynasty was Gopala.
• In Bengal, Pala rulers appeared to be the most powerful in the region during 750-1150 A.D. 
• Madanapala was the last ruler of the Pala dynasty.
• Vijayasena of the Sena dynasty attacked during his rule and established his rule in Bengal. 
• The Pala ruler ended when when Vijayasena of Burdwan captured Bengal.

• Vijayasena (c 1097-1160 AD) was the founder of the sena dynasty of Bengal, which ruled for more than 100 years.

• Vijayasena took full advantage of the weakness of the Pala rulers. He obtained an independent position in Radha in recognition of his help to Ramapala. He defeated the Palas and captured the throne of gauda afterwards.

• It is beyond any doubt that Vijayasena established independent power in Bengal immediately after the demise of Ramapala. The deopara prashasti records that he defeated Nanya, Vira, Raghava and Vardhana.

• He vanquished the kings of kamarupa and Kalinga. He also compelled the king of Gauda to flee away from his kingdom. 

• Thus by the middle of the 12th century AD Vijayasena supplanted the Varmans, ousted the Palas and succeeded in establishing the rule of his own dynasty over the whole of Bengal.

• He seems to have consolidated his empire in Bengal by defeating other enemies. He had a very long reign of about 62 years. He was a Shaiva. He was liberal towards Brahmanas versed in the Vedas and the poor.

The correct answer is ​Both 1 and 2.

Key Points

• Gopala was the creator of the Pala dynasty and the first ruler of the dynasty.
• In a revolution to end the Matsyanyaya, the people chose Gopala as their monarch. 
• The Pala empire had approximately conquered most of Bihar and Bengal at the time of Gopala's death.
• Dharmapala was the second ruler of the Pala Empire of Bengal and Bihar domains in the Indian subcontinent.
• He is one of the greatest rulers of the Pala dynasty and ranks among the greatest kings in Indian history.

Additional Information

• The Pala period is also famous as a 'Golden Era' in Bengali history. 
• They built splendid monasteries and temples: Somapura Mahavihara (in Bangladesh), Odantapuri Monastery.
• They also patronised Buddhist centres of learning such as Nalanda University and Vikramshila University.​ 

The correct answer is - Vigrahpal (Shurpal)

Key Points

• Vigrahpal (Shurpal)
  • Vigrahpal, also known as Shurpal, succeeded Devpal as the ruler of the Pal dynasty in Bengal.
  • The Pal dynasty was a significant ruling dynasty in Bengal, known for their contributions to the region's culture and administration.
  • Vigrahpal continued the legacy of the Pal dynasty, maintaining stability and prosperity in the region.

Additional Information

• Narayanpal
  • Narayanpal was also a notable ruler of the Pal dynasty, but he did not directly succeed Devpal.
  • He is known for his contributions to the cultural and architectural developments in Bengal.
• Veerpal
  • Veerpal was another significant figure in the Pal dynasty, recognized for his valor and administrative skills.
  • Though important, he did not directly follow Devpal as the ruler.
• Nagpal
  • Nagpal was a member of the Pal dynasty, but historical records do not indicate him as the immediate successor of Devpal.
  • His contributions are more obscure compared to other rulers of the Pal dynasty.

The correct answer is: '(a) - (i), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iii), (d) - (iv)'

Key Points

• Dharmapal – Khalimpur inscription
  • This statement is correct.
  • Dharmapal, a prominent ruler of the Pala Dynasty, is known to be associated with the Khalimpur inscription. This inscription provides details about his lineage and contributions.
• Devpal – Munger inscription
  • This statement is correct.
  • Devpal, another significant ruler of the Pala Dynasty, is related to the Munger inscription. The Munger inscription provides valuable insights into his reign and achievements.
• Narayanpal – Bhagalpur inscription
  • This statement is correct.
  • Narayanpal, a ruler of the Kalachuri Dynasty, is associated with the Bhagalpur inscription. This inscription gives information about his rule and the history of the period.
• Mahipal-I – Sarnath inscription
  • This statement is correct.
  • Mahipal-I, another notable ruler of the Pala Dynasty, is linked with the Sarnath inscription. The Sarnath inscription is an essential source of historical information about his reign.

Hence, the correct combination is: (a) - (i), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iii), (d) - (iv).

Additional Information

• Pala Dynasty:
  • The Pala Dynasty was a prominent ruling dynasty in the Indian subcontinent, primarily ruling the regions of Bengal and Bihar from the 8th to the 12th centuries.
  • They were known for their patronage of Buddhism and significant contributions to art, culture, and education. The famous universities of Nalanda and Vikramashila flourished during this period.
• Kalachuri Dynasty:
  • The Kalachuri Dynasty ruled parts of Central and Western India during the medieval period. They are known for their contributions to temple architecture and inscriptions that provide valuable historical records.

The correct answer is: 'Dharampal'.

Key Points

• Dharampal established Vikramshila University.
  • Vikramshila University was one of the major Buddhist learning centers in ancient India, established by King Dharampal of the Pala dynasty in the late 8th or early 9th century.
  • It was located in present-day Bihar, India, and aimed to complement the educational activities of Nalanda University.
  • The university was a center for Buddhist Tantric learning and attracted scholars from various parts of the world.

Additional Information

• Kumaragupta:
  • Kumaragupta I was a ruler of the Gupta Empire in India who reigned during the 5th century CE.
  • He is known for maintaining the empire's prosperity and stability, as well as for the construction of the Nalanda University, another prominent ancient center of learning.
• Rudradaman:
  • Rudradaman I was a Saka ruler of the Western Kshatrapas who reigned during the 2nd century CE.
  • He is known for his significant contributions to the development of Sanskrit literature and for the repair of the Sudarshana Lake.
• Gopal I:
  • Gopal I was the founder of the Pala dynasty in the 8th century CE.
  • He is notable for his role in establishing the Pala rule in Bengal and Bihar, laying the foundation for the later achievements of his dynasty, including the establishment of universities like Vikramshila by his descendants.

The correct answer is - A is true, but R is false.

Key Points

• Assertion (A): The Pala dynasty is regarded as the last major royal patron of Buddhism in India.
  • The Pala dynasty, which ruled large parts of Eastern India (Bengal and Bihar) from the 8th to the 12th centuries, is noted for its strong patronage of Buddhism.
  • The Pala kings, particularly Gopala, Dharmapala, and Devapala, were ardent supporters of Mahayana Buddhism.
  • They established and supported numerous monasteries and educational institutions, including the famed Vikramashila and Nalanda universities, which became prominent centers of Buddhist learning.
  • The Palas were instrumental in the spread of Buddhism to Tibet and Southeast Asia, thus playing a critical role in sustaining the religion during a period when it was declining in other parts of India due to the rise of Hinduism and later Islam.
• Reason (R): The Pala rulers sought to unify their region by promoting a distinct Pala script for Buddhist texts.
  • The Reason (R) is incorrect because the Pala dynasty did not specifically promote a distinct Pala script for Buddhist texts.
  • The prevalent scripts during the Pala period included Siddhamatrika and later, Proto-Bengali script, which evolved into the Bengali script.
  • While the Palas were patrons of Buddhist literature and texts, their unification efforts were not centered around the promotion of a distinctive script but rather through cultural, educational, and religious means.
  • The primary focus of their patronage was the construction of monasteries, temples, and universities, as well as the commissioning of Buddhist manuscripts and art.

Additional Information

• Pala Dynasty:
  • The Pala Empire, founded by Gopala in the mid-8th century, was known for its extensive territory and influence over the Indian subcontinent, especially in the regions of Bengal and Bihar.
  • The Palas maintained a strong Buddhist cultural tradition and built numerous monasteries and stupas, which significantly contributed to the spread of Buddhism in Asia.
  • The dynasty's period is marked by architectural advancements, particularly the construction of significant Buddhist monuments and educational institutions.
• Buddhism under the Palas:
  • The flourishing of universities like Vikramashila, Nalanda, Somapura, and Odantapuri under Pala support provided platforms for scholars from various regions to study and disseminate Buddhist teachings.
  • The Pala period saw the creation and distribution of Buddhist texts and manuscripts that became foundational for future generations of Buddhist practitioners.