Consider the following statements:

Statement-I: India's public sector health care system largely focuses on curative care with limited preventive, promotive and rehabilitative care.

Statement-II: Under India's decentralized approach to health care delivery, the States are primarily responsible for organizing health services.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

The correct answer is option 2.

Key PointsPublic Sector Healthcare System:

• India's public sector healthcare system comprises a network of government-run healthcare facilities at various levels. This includes primary health centers (PHCs), community health centers (CHCs), district hospitals, and specialized research and education centers funded by the central and state governments.
• These facilities provide a range of healthcare services from primary care to specialized treatments.
• The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare at the central government level has regulatory power and oversees national health programs.
• The state governments are responsible for organizing and delivering healthcare services, managing the healthcare workforce, implementing national health programs, collecting health information, and supervising local healthcare entities.
• This division of responsibilities leads to variations in service delivery models, insurance coverage, and availability of healthcare services across different states.
• The central government establishes policies and regulations, while the state governments are responsible for organizing and delivering healthcare services to their populations. Hence, Statement 2 is correct.
• This decentralized approach allows for flexibility and adaptation to local needs and contexts.
• India's public sector healthcare system primarily focuses on curative care, with limited emphasis on preventive, promotive, and rehabilitative care. 
• The healthcare infrastructure in India has developed around the provision of curative services, with a significant concentration of hospitals and specialized medical facilities. This structural bias towards curative care is reflected in the allocation of resources and the training of healthcare professionals who are primarily oriented towards diagnosis and treatment. Hence, Statement 1 is correct.
• Hence, Both Statements are correct but Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I.
• Ayushman Bharat (PMJAY) was launched as a step towards Universal Health Coverage (UHC). UHC entails ensuring all people have access to quality health services – including prevention, promotion, treatment, rehabilitation, and palliation – without incurring financial hardship.