Which of the following diseases occurs due to uncontrolled growth of tissues in the body?

The correct answer is Cancer.

Key Points

• Cancer is a condition that arises from the uncontrolled growth and division of abnormal cells in the body.
• This abnormal cell proliferation can invade nearby tissues and may spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body through the blood and lymph systems.
• Unlike normal cells, cancer cells do not stop growing when they come into contact with other cells and do not undergo programmed cell death (apoptosis).
• Cancer can develop in almost any tissue of the body, and common types include lung cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, and colorectal cancer.
• Risk factors for cancer include genetic mutations, lifestyle factors (like smoking, alcohol consumption, and poor diet), environmental exposures (such as radiation and carcinogens), and infections like HPV or hepatitis.

Additional Information

• Metastasis:
  • The process by which cancer cells spread from the primary site to other parts of the body through the blood or lymphatic system.
  • Metastatic cancers are harder to treat and often associated with advanced-stage disease.
• Benign vs Malignant Tumors:
  • Benign tumors are non-cancerous and do not spread to other parts of the body.
  • Malignant tumors are cancerous, grow uncontrollably, and can invade nearby tissues.
• Common Cancer Treatments:
  • These include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy.
  • The choice of treatment depends on the type, stage, and location of the cancer as well as the patient’s overall health.
• Prevention:
  • Adopting a healthy lifestyle by avoiding smoking, maintaining a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and reducing alcohol consumption can lower cancer risk.
  • Vaccinations, such as those against HPV and hepatitis B, can prevent cancers caused by infections.
• Statistics:
  • According to the WHO, cancer is the second leading cause of death globally, accounting for approximately 10 million deaths in 2020.
  • Early detection and prompt treatment can significantly improve survival rates for many types of cancer.