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Abel Prize: History, Amount & Winners List 2025, Latest News & UPSC Notes

Last Updated on May 05, 2025
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The King of Norway awards the Abel Prize yearly to one or more great mathematicians. It is named after the Norwegian mathematician Niels Henrik Abel (1802–1829) and straight modelled after the Nobel Prizes; as such, it is widely acknowledged as the Nobel Prize for mathematics. It comes with a monetary award of 7.5 million Norwegian kroner (NOK), which is around Rs. 6.5 crore in Indian currency. Japanese mathematician Masaki Kashiwara was awarded the Abel Prize for the year 2025.

This topic is related to the General Studies Paper III, which covers Scientific Innovations & Discoveries, Science and Technology, Ecological Concerns, Earth Science, Environmental Studies, etc. This article is of massive importance for UPSC CSE Exam aspirants. Join UPSC Coaching today to boost your preparation. 

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Syllabus

General Studies Paper III

Topics for Prelims

Abel Prize, Abel Prize Winner 2025, Abel Prize Winners in Recent Years.

Topics for Mains

Scientific Innovations & Discoveries, Science & Technology.

Abel Prize 2025

The prestigious Abel Prize for mathematics was newly awarded to 78-year-old Japanese mathematician Masaki Kashiwara, an aficionado in algebraic analysis, sheaf theory and representation theory. Kashiwara was honoured for his essential contributions to algebraic research and representation theory, specifically the development of the theory of D-modules and the discovery of crystal bases. The discovery of crystal bases helped mathematicians convert complex calculations into easy charts, leading to extreme advancements in understanding and calculating mathematical theories. 

  • His work bridged isolated fields like algebra, mathematical physics and geometry.
  • His analysis also opened unexplored avenues of research and helped crack long-standing mathematical difficulties.

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History of Abel Prize

The Abel Prize's record dates back to 1899, when its establishment was presented by the Norwegian mathematician Sophus Lie when he understood that Alfred Nobel's goals for annual prizes would not contain an honour in mathematics. In 1902, King Oscar II of Sweden and Norway showed his willingness to sponsor the plan of a mathematics prize to complement the Nobel Prizes. Still, the award's establishment was stopped by the abolition of the union between Sweden and Norway in 1905. It took almost a century before the Government of Norway launched the award in 2001. It was explicitly planned to give the mathematicians their equivalent of a Nobel Prize. The Abel Committee nominates the laureates, and the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters select associates. The first Abel Prize was awarded in 2003 to French mathematician Jean-Pierre Serre. He is known for his excellent contribution to shaping many parts of mathematics, including topology, number theory, and algebraic geometry.

The award ceremony happened in the Aula of the University of Oslo, where the Nobel Peace Prize was awarded between 1947 and 1989. The Abel Prize committee has also launched an Abel symposium, assisted by the Norwegian Mathematical Society, which takes place twice a year.

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Abel Prize: Highlights for UPSC Aspirants
  • What is it? It is an international honour acknowledging outstanding accomplishments in mathematics, considered the equivalent of a Nobel Prize in this field.
  • Founded in 2002 by the Norwegian Parliament to celebrate the 200th birth anniversary of Niels Henrik Abel.
  • Issued by: The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, established on the recommendations from IMU and EMS.
  • Standards: Awarded for pioneering contributions in pure and applied mathematics.
  • Abel Prize Amount: 7.5 million Norwegian kroner (NOK), around Rs. 6.5 crore in Indian currency. And a custom-designed glass plaque.

Abel Prize Winners List [2020-2025]

The prize was first proposed in 1899 to be part of celebrating the 100th anniversary of Niels Henrik Abel's birth in 1802. The Norwegian mathematician Sophus Lie proposed establishing an Abel Prize when he learned that Alfred Nobel's plans for annual prizes would not include an award in mathematics. King Oscar II was willing to finance a mathematics prize in 1902, and the mathematicians Ludwig Sylow and Carl Størmer drew up statutes and rules for the proposed prize. However, Lie's influence decreased after his death, and the dissolution of the union between Sweden and Norway in 1905 ended the first attempt to create an Abel Prize.

Year

Name of the Winners

Origin

Contribution

Abel Prize 2025

Masaki Kashiwara

Japan

For working in algebraic analysis, sheaf theory and representation theory. 

Abel Prize 2024

Michel Pierre Talagrand

Béziers, France

For working in probability theory, mathematical physics and functional analysis.

Abel Prize 2023

Luis Caffarelli

Argentine-American

For Studying partial differential equations and their application.

Abel Prize 2022

Dennis Parnell Sullivan

Huron, Michigan, US

For working in geometric topology, algebraic topology, and dynamical systems.

Abel Prize 2021

László Lovász 

Budapest,Hungary

For their foundational contributions to theoretical computer science and discrete mathematics, and their leading role in shaping them into central fields of modern mathematics.

Avi Wigderson 

Princeton, USA

Abel Prize 2020

Hillel Furstenberg

Berlin, Germany

For pioneering the use of methods from probability and dynamics in group theory, number theory, and combinatorics.

Gregory Margulis

Moscow, Russia

For his work involving probability theory and dynamical systems.

Abel Prize Winner from India

Indian mathematician Srinivasa Varadhan, born on 2nd January 1940 in Madras, now Chennai, was awarded the 2007 Abel Prize by the "Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters." He was rewarded for outstanding contributions to probability theory, specifically for developing a unified theory of large deviations. India made a special connection with the Abel Prize as Srinivasa Varadhan was the first Indian mathematician to be bestowed this prestigious award. He was the only Indian mathematician who had made it to the international Abel Prize winner list till now. 

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Key Takeaways on Abel Prize for UPSC Aspirants!

  • About the Award: Abel Prize, also known as the Nobel Prize of honour mathematics. It is an international award given to expert mathematicians for their excellent contribution to the study of mathematics.
  • Founder: The king of Norway awards the Abel Prize yearly to one or more great mathematicians.
  • Year of Foundation: 2002 is the foundation year of the Abel Prize. The Norwegian Parliament founded it to celebrate the 200th birth anniversary of "Neils Henrik Abel".
  • Award presented by: The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters presents this prestigious international award.

Download Abel Prize Key Takeaways PDF 

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Abel Prize UPSC FAQs

The only Indian to receive the Abel Prize was Srinivasa S. R. Varadhan in 2007.

Norway awards the Abel Prize.

It is named after Norwegian mathematician Niels Henrik Abel (1802-29).

Mathematician Karen Uhlenbeck has become the first woman to win the Abel Prize.

The Abel Prize is often considered equivalent to the Nobel Prize.

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