Syllabus |
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Topics for Prelims |
Kothari commission (1964-66) |
Topics for Mains |
Indian Polity, Governance, Constitution, and Social Justice. The Kothari Commission's recommendations and their impact on the education system |
Kothari Commission 1964-66 is also known as National Education Commission. The Government of India established this ad hoc commission to investigate all aspects of the Indian educational system, create a general framework for education, and make recommendations for rules and policies to develop guidelines for the education sector in India. The head of the Kothari Commission was Daulat Singh Kothari.
Kothari Commission UPSC is one of the most important topics for the UPSC IAS exam. It covers a significant part of the governance subject in the Mains General Studies Paper-II syllabus and General Studies Paper-1 of the UPSC Prelims Syllabus.
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UPSC aspirants must understand the Kothari Commission and its objectives. The Kothari Commission plays a significant role in India's policy-making and educational planning.This topic will be helpful for the upcoming UPSC Civil Service Exam. Check the following article on Kothari Commission to know more about its objectives and the recommendations made by the commission on the education system in India.
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The Kothari Commission was a turning point in India's education history. Known as the Indian Education Commission 1964-66, it aimed to reform the entire education system. The Government of India established the National Education Commission (1964–1966), also known as the Kothari Commission, as an ad hoc commission to review all facets of the Indian educational system, develop a general pattern of education, and provide recommendations for guidelines and policies to advance education in India. The head of the University Grants Commission at the time, Professor Daulat Singh Kothari, was chosen to lead this educational committee. The committee's core group included 17 people in addition to him. Twenty international education professionals from various countries made up the Kothari Education Commission's consultation panel.
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The Kothari Commission gave key recommendations on structure, curriculum, and equality in education. Its impact is still felt today. The main objectives of the Kothari Commission were clear and focused. Towards the end of the third five-year plan, the educational commission called Kothari Commission was appointed with the following objectives:
The Kothari Commission 1964-66 proposed a new structure to make education uniform across India.
Study the Education System In India During British Rule here.
The Kothari Commission was set up in 1964. It submitted its report in 1966. The Kothari Education Commission was felt to be necessary after some flaws in the nation’s current educational system, such as:
Study Various Commissions and their Recommendations here.
The Kothari Commission is also known as the Indian Education Commission. The Commission consisted of 12 task forces:
Also, check out the Right to Education Act (RTE) article here.
The Kothari commission report was submitted on 29th June 1966 to M.C.Chagla, the then minister of education. The information consists of 4 volumes in which 19 chapters are dealt. The Kothari Commission report became a guiding document for the National Policy on Education.
The Kothari Commission proposed a total of 23 recommendations to reform the education system in India. These recommendations encompassed various aspects of education, including:
These recommendations put forth by the Kothari Commission aimed to reshape and enhance the educational landscape of India comprehensively.
Some of the recommendations are listed in the table below.
Aspect of Education |
Recommendation of Kothari Commission |
Provision of Free and Compulsory Education |
The Commission proposed offering free and compulsory education for children aged 6 to 14 years. |
Languages |
- Adoption of a three-language formula at the state level. - Promotion of a language from Southern States in Hindi-speaking states. - Promotion of Hindi, English, and a regional language in non-Hindi speaking states. |
Language Promotion |
The Kothari Commission suggested the promotion of regional languages, Sanskrit, and international languages, particularly English. |
Teacher Conditions and Freedom |
The Commission recommended providing favorable and adequate service conditions for teachers and granting them the necessary freedom to conduct research and publish findings. |
Focus on Social Justice |
- Emphasis on girls' education. - Focus on education for backward classes, tribal people, physically and mentally handicapped children to promote social justice. |
Emphasis on Science and Maths |
Recognizing the significance of Science and Maths for national development, the Commission advocated integrating these subjects into the education system. |
University-Level Reforms |
- University-level improvements through special attention to postgraduate level research and training. - Provision of sufficient libraries, laboratories, and funding for enhancing the quality of education. - Focused efforts to improve university education. |
Also, check the Hunter education commission here.
The Government of India implemented some of the important recommendations of the Kothari Commission by including them under the National Policy on Education. Some of them are as follows,
These Kothari Commission 1964-66 objectives recommendations helped shape India’s modern education framework.
Education is the most powerful instrument for the development of any country. This fact was realized long back by the leaders of the Indian Independence movement, who emphasised the spread of education in the country. It is essential to reconstruct the country's education system based on recommendations made by the Kothari Education Commission to achieve economic and social development.
Also, check the article on the National Human Rights Commission here.
The Kothari Commission was the first comprehensive education commission in independent India. It introduced the 10+2+3 system and emphasized equality, quality, and productivity in education.
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