The first law of thermodynamics is based on ________.

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SSC JE Mechanical 16 Nov 2022 Shift 2 Official Paper
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  1. Joule's law
  2. the principle of conservation of mass
  3. the principle of conservation of energy
  4. zeroth law of thermodynamics

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : the principle of conservation of energy
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Explanation:

The first law of thermodynamics is a version of the law of conservation of energy, adapted for thermodynamic systems. The law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system is constant. Energy can be transformed from one form to another but cannot be created or destroyed.

The first law is often formulated by stating that the change in the internal energy of a closed system is equal to the amount of heat supplied to the system, minus the amount of work done by the system on its surroundings

δQ = ΔU + δW

ΔU = δQ - δW

According to the First Law of thermodynamics, “For a closed system undergoing a cycle, net heat transfer is equal to network transfer.”

ΣQ = ΣW.

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