Question
Download Solution PDFThe difference between the total head line and the hydraulic grade line in an open-channel flow is called:
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Detailed Solution
Download Solution PDFExplanation:
The total energy line (TEL)
- It is the line joining the points representing the value of the total head (pressure head + velocity head + elevation head) at the various cross-section of pipe in a pipe flow.
- This line always goes down in the direction of flow until and unless energy supplied externally.
Hydraulic gradient line (HGL)
- It is the line joining the points representing the values of Piezometric head Pressure head + elevation head at the various cross-sections of pipe in pipe flow.
- This line may go up or down in the flow direction.
- It will always lie below the total energy line in a pipe flow.
In a uniform diameter pipe, HGL always be parallel to TEL and vertical gap between these two lines at nay section of pipe is the velocity head i.e.
HGL = TEL – Velocity head
Velocity head = TEL - HGL
The difference between the total head line and Hydraullic gradient line is always constant for particular pipe flow and it is equal to the velocity head
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